Apple’s dominance over mobile web browsing on iPhones is under fire as the UK's Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) releases a critical report highlighting restrictions that limit competition and innovation. The regulator points to Apple’s long-standing policy of forcing all iOS browsers to use its WebKit engine, effectively preventing rival browsers from offering unique performance enhancements or security features.
The CMA argues that Apple's control over browser technology extends beyond WebKit, with Safari benefiting from deep system integration and pre-installed default status. These advantages, combined with Apple’s strict App Store policies, create barriers for competitors trying to introduce alternative web experiences. Google’s Chrome pre-installation on Android was also examined, but the CMA found Apple’s limitations to be more impactful in suppressing competition.
Another major concern is Apple’s lucrative deal with Google, where the search giant pays billions to remain the default search engine on iOS. Regulators believe this agreement reduces Apple’s incentive to support genuine browser competition, as it profits from maintaining Google’s dominant position.
While Apple has made some adjustments, including updates that make switching default browsers easier, regulators say these efforts don’t go far enough. The CMA is now considering measures that could require Apple to allow competing browser engines, introduce a browser choice screen during iPhone setup, and curb its financial partnership with Google.
The next step is determining whether Apple and Google should be classified under the UK’s new “strategic market status” (SMS), which would impose stricter regulations and allow for significant fines for non-compliance. If enforced, these rules could reshape how mobile browsers operate on iOS, potentially opening the door for more competition and innovation.
Meanwhile, global regulators—including those in the European Union and the United States are conducting similar investigations, signaling growing pressure on Apple to loosen its grip on mobile browsing.
